Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Discipline

Aron D. Mosnaim was awarded a PharmD degree from the University of Chile in 1962 and, supported by a British Council Fellowship, a PhD degree in Organic Chemistry from Glasgow’s Strathclyde University in 1969. Dr. Mosnaim joined the faculty of The Chicago Medical School in 1971 where he currently holds a tenured Professorship in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and an Adjunct Professorship in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. Besides of currently holding a Honorary Professorship at the University of Chile’s College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Mosnaim's various academic appointments have included that of Consultant Veterans Affairs Hospital in N. Chicago, Guest Worker at the National Institute of Mental Health, Washington, D.C., in 1982 and in 1985, and a Visiting Professorship at the Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA., in 1985 and in 1994.

Research

Degradation kinetics of enkephalins by human tissues and fluids

Distribution of enkephalins in human brain indicates that they may play a complex role in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral functions; however factors governing their degradation kinetics in health and disease are essentially unknown. We are conducting metabolic studies of these pentapeptides in samples from select post-mortem human brain areas, as they may provide critical insight for understanding the pathophysiology of some chronic diseases, many of them mostly specific to humans, and for which we are lacking reliable animal models. Identifying substances able to significantly alter enkephalins metabolism may contribute to the rational design of pharmacological strategies based in the modulation of their bioavailability.

Triptan drugs, immune function and migraine headaches

The pharmacological profile of a large number of triptan compounds has been extensively studied; however, relatively little is known of their effects on the immune response. We have recently shown that the interaction of various triptans with cellular components of the innate immune system results in an apparent indirect inhibition of natural killer cell activity and direct inhibition of neutrophils pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion. Understanding the molecular mechanism of these interactions will shed light as to whether triptan’s positive role in decreasing the severity of inflammatory processes is part of their antimigraine mechanism of action, or just an added beneficial effect of their use for the reversal treatment of migraine headaches.

Publications

Mosnaim, A.D.: Synthesis of 3, 5-Diiodo L(-) Tyrosine (131) and some uses of its in vivo rate of deiodation. Pharmaceutical Chemist Thesis. University of Chile. Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 1963.

Mosnaim, A.D. (co-author with other members of the teaching staff): Guide to Laboratory Work, Chair of Chemistry, University Publications Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1964 and 1969.

Mosnaim, A.D. (co-author with other members of the teaching staff): Guide to Seminars, Chair of Chemistry, University Publications Office, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile, 1964 and 1969.

Litvak, J., Riesco, J., Atria, A., Lopez, O., Armedariz, R. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Diiodotyrosine metabolism in endemic goitri. Rev. Med. de Chile. 91:653-655, 1963.

del Villar, E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Effect of DDT on incorporation of C14-labelled glucose into protein and soluble intermediates of nymphal triatoma infestans. Exp. Parasitology. 21:186-194, 1967.

Mosnaim, A.D. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds. II.9-Halogenoanthracenes. Tetrahedron. 25:1591-1595, 1969.

Mosnaim, A.D., Nonhebel, D.C. and Russell, J.: Reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds, III. 9-Alkyl and 9-arylanythracenes. Tetrahedron. 25:3485-3492, 1969.

Gibson, S., Mosnaim, A.D., Nonhebel, D.C. and Russell, J.: Reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds, V. Reactions of 9,10-dialkyl- and 9-alkyl-10-arylanthracenes. Tetrahedron. 25:5047-5057, 1969.

Mosnaim, A.D.: Ligand-Transfer reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds. Doctoral Thesis, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, Great Britain, 1969.

Mosnaim, A.D.: Ligand-transfer reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds, National Lending Library, Walton Spa., Yorks, Great Britain, 1969.

Mosnaim, A.D. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds. VI. Reactions of 9-alkyl-and 9-aryl-10-halogenoanthracenes. J. Chem. Soc. (C):942-946, 1970.

Mosnaim, A.D., Nonhebel, D.C. and Russell, J.: Reaction of cupric halides with organic compounds. VII. Reactions of 9-alkoxy- and 9-acyloxy-10-alkyl-anthracenes. Tetrahedron. 26: 1123-1129, 1970.

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Effect of temperature over alcaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Rev. Med. de Chile. 97(12):772-774, 1969.

Flood, J., Mosnaim, A.D. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Bromination of some substituted 9-methylanthracenes. Chemical Communications. 12:761-762, 1970.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Gas-liquid and thin-layer chromatographic determination of some 9- and 9,10-substituted anthracenes. J. Chromatography. 70:154-157, 1972.

Sabelli, H.C., Giardina, W.J., Mosnaim, A.D. and Sabelli, H.H.: A comparison of the functional roles of norepinephrine, dopamine, and phenylethylamine in the central nervous system. Acta Physiological Polonica. 24:33-40, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D. and Inwang, E.E.: A spectrophotometric method for quantification of 2-phenylethylamine in biological specimens. Analytical Biochemistry. 54:561-577, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D., Inwang, E.E., Sugerman, J.H., DeMartini, W.J. and Sabelli, H.C.: Ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of 2-phenylethylamine in biological samples and its correlation with depression. Biological Psychiatry. 6(3):235-257, 1973.

Inwang, E.E., Mosnaim, A.D. and Sabelli, H.C.: Isolation and characterization of phenylethylamine and phenylethanolamine from human brain. J. Neurochemistry. 20:1469-73, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D., Inwang, E.E., Sugerman, J.H. and Sabelli, H.C.: Identification of 2-phenylethamine in human urine by infrared and mass spectroscopy and its quantification in normal subjects and cardiovascular patients. Clinica Chimica Acta. 46:406-413, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Saavedra, I., Amaro, A.M., Cordano, G. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Reaction of cupric (II) halides with organic compound. VIII. Pyrene and some 3-substituted pyrenes. Tetrahedron Letters. 17:1491-1494, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Saavedra, I., Rosenkranz, A., Diaz, S. and Nonhebel, D.C.: Gas-liquid and thin-layer chromatographic determination of some 3- and 3,X-substituted pyrenes. J. Chromatography. 80:259-262, 1973.

Inwang, E.E., Madubuike, U.P. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Evidence for the excretion of 2-phenylethylamine glucoronide in human urine. Experientia. 29(9):1080, 1973.

Mosnaim, A.D., Sabelli, H.C. and Inwang, E.E.: The influence of psychotropic drugs on the levels of endogenous 2-phenylethylamine in rabbit brain. Biology. Psychiatry. 8(2):227-234, 1974.

Sabelli, H.C. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Phenylethylamine hypothesis of affective behavior. American Journal of Psychiatry. 131:695-699, 1974.

Sabelli, H.C., Vazquez, A.J., Mosnaim, A.D. and Madrid-Pedemonte, L.: 2-Phenyle- thylamine as a possible mediator for 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced stimulation. Nature. 248:144-145, 1974.

Sabelli, H.C., Pedemonte, W.A., Whalley, C., Mosnaim, A.D. and Vazquez, A.J.: Further evidence of a role of 2-phenylethylamine in the mode of action of 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Life Sciences. 14:149-156, 1974.

Borison, R.L., Mosnaim, A.D. and Sabelli, H.C.: Biosynthesis of brain 2-phenylethylamine: Influence of decarboxylase inhibition and D-amphetamine. Life Sciences. 15(10):1836-1848, 1974.

Sabelli, H.C., Mosnaim, A.D. Vazquez, A.J., Madrid-Pedmonte, L.: (-)-Trans-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced increase in brain 2-phenylethylamine: Its possible role in the psychological effect of marihuana, in J. M. Singh and H. Lal (eds.): Drug Addiction/Volume 3: Neurobiology and Influences on Behavior. New York: Stratton 1974, pp. 271-284.

Sabelli, H.C., Mosnaim, A.D. and Vazquez, A.J.: Phenylethylamine: Possible role in depression and antidepressive drug action, in R.R. Drucker-Colin and R.D. Myers (eds.): Advances in Behavioral Biology/Volume 10: Neurohumoral Coding of Brain Function. New York: Plenum Publishing 1974, pp. 331-357.

Borison, R.L. Mosnaim, A.D. and Sabelli, H.C.: Brain 2-phenylethylamine as a mediator for the central actions of amphetamine and methylphenidate. Life Sciences. 17:1331-1343, 1975.

Sabelli, H.C., Mosnaim, A.D., Vazquez, A.J., Giardina, W.J., Borison, R.L. and Pedemonte, W.A.: Biochemical plasticity of synaptic transmission: A critical review of Dale's principle. Biological Psychiatry. 11:481-524, 1976.

Borison, R.L., Mosnaim, A.D. and Sabelli, H.C.: Qualification of brain 2-phenylethylamine content by gas-liquid chromatography and its modification by marihuana. Clinical Research. 23: 550A, 1975.

Silkaitis, R.P. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Pathways linking L-phenylalanine and 2-phenyl-ethylamine with p-tyramine in rabbit brain. Brain Research. 114:105-115, 1976.

Pedemonte, W.A., Mosnaim, A.D. and Bulat, M.: Penetration of phenylacetic acid across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Res. Comm. Chemical Pathol. Pharmacol. 14(1):111-116, 1976.

Rubin, R., Patel, D., Singh, S. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Influence of hyperthyroidism on ethanol metabolism in rats. Clinical Research. 24:369A, 1976.

Sabelli, H.C., Mosnaim, A.D., Borison, R.L. and Wolf, M.E.: Possible role of 2-phenylethylamine in the modulation of extrapyramidal function in B.N. Dhawan and P.B. Bradley (eds.): Drugs and Central Synaptic Transmission. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976, pp. 164-173.

Zeller, E.A., Mosnaim, A.D., Borison, R.L. and Huprikar, S.V.: Phenylethylamine: Studies on the mechanism of its physiological action, in E. Costa, E. Giacobini and R. Paoletti (eds.): Advances in Biochemical Pharmacology/ Volume 15: First and Second Messengers-New Vistas. New York: Raven Press 1976, pp. 75-86.

Ungar, F., Mosnaim, A., Ungar, B. and Wolf, M.E.: Tyramine binding by synaptosomes from rat brain: Effect of centrally active drugs. Biological Psychiatry. 12:661-668, 1977.

Mosnaim, A.D., Edstrand, D.L., Wolf, M.E. and Silkaitis, R.P.: Evidence for an enzymatic p-tyramine-dehydroxylating system in rabbit brain preparations in vitro. Biochemical Pharmacology. 26:1725-1728, 1977.

Ungar, F., Mosnaim, A.D., Ungar, B. and Wolf, M.E.: Preliminary studies of the sodium borohydride stabilizable binding of phenylethylamine and tyramine to brain preparations. Res. Comm. Chemical Pathol. Pharmacol. 19:427-434, 1978.

Mosnaim, A.D. and Wolf, M.E.: Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of the phenylethylamine metabolic pathway, in A.D. Mosnaim and M.E. Wolf (eds.): Non-Catecholic Phenylethylamines Part 1: Phenylethylamine: Biological Mechanisms and Clinical Aspects. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1978, pp. 3-22.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Huprikar, S., Singh, S.P. and Zeller, E.A.: Reduced monoamine oxidase activity in blood platelets from insulin-dependent diabetics. Diabetes. 28:455-456, 1979.

Ungar, F., Ungar, B., Alivisatos, S., Mosnaim, A.D. and Wolf, M.D.: Non-enzymic interactions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide of some of its synthetic analogue and other compounds with orthophosphate. Res. Comm. Chemical Pathol. Pharmacol. 25:395-398, 1979.

Mosnaim, A.D., Silkaitis, R. and Wolf, M.E.: Rabbit brain metabolism of phenylethylamine and tyramine: Drug effects. Life Sciences. 27:557-566, 1980.

Hansen, T.R., Greenberg, J. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Direct effect of phenylethylamine upon isolated vascular smooth muscle of the rat. Europe. J. Pharmacology. 63:95-101, 1980.

Alcorn, W.C., Cromarty, F.M., Flood, J., Mancilla, J. M., Mosnaim, A.D., Nonhebel, D.C. and Scullion, I.: Reactions of copper (II) halides with aromatic compounds. Part XIII. The mechanisms of halogenation of some substituted 9-methylanthracenes. J. Chemical Research. 3:102-103, 1980.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Callaghan, O. and Ungar, R.: Tyramine: metabolic and binding studies, in A.D. Mosnaim and M.E. Wolf (eds.): Non-catecholic Phenylethylamines Part 2: Phenylethanolamine, Tyramines and Octopamines. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. 201-229, 1980.

Mosnaim, A.D., Callaghan, O.H. and Wolf, M.E.: Determination of non-catecholic phenylethylamines and monomethylated derivatives of phenylethylamines. J. Chromatography. Biomedical Applications 224:481-487, 1981.

Wolf, M.D., Bowie, L., Keener, S., and Mosnaim, A.D.: Prolactin response in tardive dyskinesia. Biological Psychiatry. 17:485-490, 1982.

Wolf, M.E., Ryan, J.J. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Organicity and tardive dyskinesia. Psychosomatics. 23:475-480, 1982.

Wolf, M.E., Almy, G., Toll, M. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Mania associated with the use of Baclofen. Biological Psychiatry. 17:757-759, 1982.

Mosnaim, A.D., Karoum, F., Zeller, A., Callaghan, O.H., Singh, S.P. and Wolf, M.E.: Platelet monoamine oxidase activity and plasma levels of non-catecholic phenylethylamines in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Clinica Chimica Acta. 126:237-242, 1982.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wine, R., Karoum, F., Diamond, S. and Wolf, M.E.: Methionine enkephalin, phenylethylamine, phenylacetic acid, platelet monoamine oxidase and prolactin in plasma of migraine patients. Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics. 31(2): 251-252, 1982.

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Phenylethylamine in neuropsychiatric disorders. Gen. Pharmacology 14(4):385-390, 1983.

Wolf, M.E., Keener, S., Mathis, P. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Phenylethylamine-like properties of Baclofen. Neuropsychobiology. 9:219-22, 1983.

Wolf, M.E. Chevesich, J.E., Lehrer, E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: The clinical association of tardive dyskinesia and drug induced Parkinsonism. Biol. Psychiatry. 13(10):1181-1188, 1983.

Mason, M., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Studies on the mechanism of phenyle-thylamine uptake by rabbit erythrocytes. Comparative. Biochem. Physiology. 76C:215-219, 1983.

Wolf, M.E., Almy, G., Mathis, P. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Baclofen therapy in psychiatric patients. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 33(2):244, 1983.

Wolf, M., Ryan, J. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Cognitive functions in tardive dyskinesia. Psychological Medicine. 13(3):671-674, 1983.

Wolf, M.E., Chevesich, J. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Trunkal tardive dyskinesia. Neurology. 33(4), Supp. 2:198, 1983.

Karoum, F., Chuang, Lin-Whei, Mosnaim, A.D., Staub, R.A., and Wyatt, R.J.: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentration of phenylacetic acid in humans and monkeys. J. Chrom. Sciences. 21:546-550, 1983.

Mosnaim A.D., Wolf, M.E. and Madubuike U.P.: Presence and biosynthesis of phenylacetic acid in the rabbit brain. Biochem. Pharmacology. 33(12):1993-1996, 1984.

Wolf, M.E., Koller, W.C. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Electroencephalogram studies in tardive dyskinesia. Clinical Electroencephalography. 15(4):222-225, 1984.

Wolf M.E. and Mosnaim A.D.: Tardive dyskinesia subtypes. Hospital Community Psychiatry. 35(8):828-830, 1984.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., and Szanto, P.: Butaperazine effects on plasma methionine-enkephalin levels in patients with tardive dyskinesia. Res. Comm. Substance Abuse. 5(4):313-316, 1984.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wine, R., Diamond, S. and Wolf, M.E.: Plasma methionine enkephalin levels during migraine episodes, in F.C. Rose (ed.): Progress in Migraine Research, Vol. 2. London, England: Pitman Book Ltd. 151-161, 1984.

Paulos, M.A., Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E. and Tessel, R.E.: Phenylethylamine, phenylacetic acid and methionine enkephaline levels in humans following profound acute stress, in A. Boulton, G. Baker, W. Dewhurst and M. Sandler (eds.): Neurobiology of Trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 563-569, 1984.

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Phenylethylamine and tardive dyskinesia, in A. Boulton, G. Baker, W. Dewhurst and M. Sandler (eds.): Neurobiology of Trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 557-562, 1984.

Callaghan, O., Mosnaim, A., Chevesich, J. and Wolf, M.: The kinetics of hydroxylation of phenylethylamine, amphetamine and phenylalanine in rodent tissues, in A. Boulton, G. Baker, W. Dewhurst and M. Sandler (eds.): Neurobiology of Trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 307-312, 1984.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E. and Diamond, S.: Non-catecholic phenylethylamines and MAO activity in diabetes and migraine, in A. Boulton, G. Baker, W. Dewhurst and M. Sandler (eds.): Neurobiology of Trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 549-566, 1984.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, ME. And Zeller, E.A.: Degradation kinetics by MAO of PEA derivatives. A model for the molecular basis of their analgesic and behavioral effects?, in A. Boulton, G. Baker, W. Dewhurst and M. Sandler (eds.): Neurobiology of Trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 299-306, 1984.

Wolf, M.E., Javaid, J.I., Mosnaim, A.D. and Davis, J. M.: Butaperazine kinetics in patients with tardive dyskinesia. Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition. 6:223-227, 1985.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Chevesich, J., Callaghan, O.H. and Diamond, S.: Plasma methionine-enkephalin levels. A biological marker for migraine? Headache. 25(5):259-261, 1985.

Wolf, M.E., De Wolfe, A., Ryan, J., Lips, O. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Vulnerability to tardive dyskinesia. J. Clinical Psychiatry. 46:367-368, 1985.

Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, A.D., Owens, R., Paulos, M. and Hoffman, H.E.: Molindone pharmacokinetics in psychiatric patients. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 10(3):215-220, 1985.

Mosnaim, A.D., Chevesich, J., Wolf, M.E., Freitag, D.O. and Diamond, S.: Plasma methionine-enkephalin. Increased levels during a migraine episode. Headache. 26(6):278-281, 1986.

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Lithium and molindone interactions: pharmacokinetic studies. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 11(1):23-28, 1986.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Chevesich, J., Callaghan, O.H. and Szanto, P.: Phenylethylamine metabolism by postmortem human brain and liver preparations, in A. Boulton, et al., eds.: Neuropsychopharmacology of the trace Amines. New Jersey: Humana Press 487-498, 1986.

Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, A.D., Callaghan, O.H., Chevesich, J. and Caro, M.: Phenylethylamine metabolism to tyramine by postmortem human brain preparations. Life Sci. 40(5):489-494, 1987.

Wolf, M.E., DeWolfe, A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Risk factors for tardive dyskinesia according to primary psychiatric diagnostic. Hillside J. Clinical Psychiatry. 9(1):3-10, 1987.

Mosnaim, A.D., Diamond, S., Freitag, F., Chevesich, J., Wolf, M.E. and Solomon, G.: Plasma and platelet methionine-enkephalin levels in chronic cluster patients during an acute headache episode. Headache. 27(6):325-328, 1987.

Wolf, M.E., Alavi, A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Pharmacological interventions in Vietnam Veterans with post traumatic stress disorder. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 12(3):169-176, 1987.

Wolf, M.E., Alavi, A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Aids related complex in a Vietnam Veteran with drug abuse. Res. Comm. Substance Abuse. 8:117-123, 1987.

Diamond, S., Mosnaim, A.D., Freitag, F., Wolf, M.E., Lee, G. and Solomon, G.: Plasma methionine-enkephalin in patients with cluster headache, in F.C. Rose (ed.): Advances in Headache Research, Vol. 4, London: John Libbey & Co. Ltd. 4: 209-219, 1987.

Wolf, M.E., Alavi, A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Post traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam Veterans: Clinical-EEG findings; possible therapeutic effects of carbamazepine. Biological Psychiatry. 23:642-644, 1988.

Mosnaim, A.D., Puente, J., Wolf, M.E., Callaghan, O.H., Busch, R. and Diamond, S.: Studies of the in vitro human plasma degradation of methionine-enkephalin. Gen. Pharmacology. 19(5):729-733, 1988.

Wolf, M.E., Alavi, A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Pain, dermatological and allergic conditions in post traumatic stress disorders. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 13(3):237-240, 1988.

Mosnaim, A.D. and Wolf, M.E.: Administration of butaperazine and plasma methionine- enkephalin levels in schizophrenic and affective disorder patients with tardive dyskinesia. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 8(4):Suppl. 275-315, 1988.

Mosnaim, A.D., Callaghan, O.H. and Wolf, M.E.: Hydroxylation of phenylethylamine by rat liver preparations. Gen. Pharmacology. 19(5):729-733, 1989.

Ayre, S., Skalestski, B. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Blood-brain barrier passage of azidothymidine in rats: effects of insulin. Res. Comm. Chemical Pathology Pharmacology. 63(1):45-52, 1989.

Mosnaim, A.D., Diamond, S., Wolf, M.E., Puente, J. and Freitag, F.: Endogenous opioid-like peptides in headache. An overview. Headache. 29(6):368-372, 1989.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Lee, G., Puente, J., Garmnerdsiri, S., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: Plasma degradation of methionine-enkephalin by cluster headache patients. In vitro studies. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. 1(1):79-83, 1990.

Mosnaim, A.D., Huprikar, S., Wolf, M.E. and Diamond, S.: Platelet monoamine oxidase in female migraine patients. Headache. 30(8):488-490, 1990.

Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, A.D., Puente, J. and Ignacio, R.: Methionine-enkephalin in post traumatic stress disorder. Plasma levels and degradation. Res. Comm. Psychology Psychiatry. Behavior 15(1-2):73-78, 1990.

Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, A.D., Ignacio, R. and Puente, J.: Plasma methionine-enkephalin in post-traumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 29:305-307, 1991.

Maturana, P., Miranda, D., Sepulveda, C., Puente, J., Wolf, M.E., and Mosnaim, A.D.: Natural killer cell activity in patients with septic shock. J. Critical Care. 6:42-45, 1991.

Wolf, M.E., Caro, M., and Mosnaim, A.D.: Lithium-neuroleptic interactions: Electroencephalographic studies. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 16(1-2):35-40, 1991.

Mosnaim, A.D., Huprikar, S., Wolf, M.E., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: Studies of platelet monoamine oxidase activity during an acute cluster headache attack. Cephalalgia. 11(supp.11): 254-255, 1991.

Wolf, M.E., de Wolfe, A.S. and Mosnaim, A.D.: The association of tardive dyskinesia with cognitive deficits. A review. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 16 (1-2):15-27, 1991.

Mosnaim, A.D., Huprikar, S., Wolf, M.E., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: Studies of platelet monoamine oxidase activity in female migraineurs. An old story revisited, in F.C. Rose (ed.): New Advances in Headache Research: 2, London: Smith-Gordon and Co. Ltd. 135-139, 1991.

Puente, J., Maturana, P., Miranda, D., Navarro, C., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Enhancement of human natural killer cell activity by opioid peptides: similar response to methionine-enkephalin and B-endorphin. Brain, Behavior Immunity. 6:32-39, 1992

Mosnaim, A.D., Huprikar, S., Wolf, M.E., Callaghan, O.H., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in cluster headache patients. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. III(2):172-176, 1992.

Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, G., Farinha, P. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Reinduction of neuroleptic malignant syndrome by lithium. Res. Comm. Psychol. Psychiatry Behavior. 17:69-72, 1992

Mosnaim, A.D.: Role of enkephalins and endorphins in headaches. In: Symposium ""Neurobiologic Mechanisms as an Approach to the Pharmacology of Headache. (G. Solomon, ed.), Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. 3(3),309-318, 1992

Mosnaim, A.D.: Role of enkephalins in the regulation of pain in migraine and cluster headaches. National Headache Foundation Letter, pp.13, Summer 1992.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M. E., Maturana, P., Mosnaim, G., Puente, J., Kucuk, O. and Gilman-Sachs, A.: In vitro natural killer cell activity in post traumatic stress disorder patients. Response to methionine-enkephalin challenge. Immunopharmacology. 25:107-116, 1993.

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M. E., Maturana, P., Puente, J., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: In vitro studies of natural killer cell activity in migraineurs. Changes in response to methionine-enkephalin challenge during an acute migraine episode. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. 4(1):36-41, 1993.

Puente, J., Carvajal, T., Parra, S., Miranda, D., Sepulveda, C., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: In vitro studies of natural killer cell activity in septic shock patients. Response to a challenge with alpha-interferon and interleukin-2. International J. Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics Toxicology. 31(6):271-275, 1993.

Wolf. M.E., Richer, S., Berk, M.A. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Cutaneous and ocular changes associated with the use of chlorpromazine. International J. Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics Toxicology. 31(8):365-367, 1993.

Mosnaim, A. D.: Symposium participant ""New and Old Therapy for Vascular Headaches"" (proceedings edited by Journal's staff). P&T (Pharmacy and Therapeutics. A Peer Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management). 18(6):575-582, 1993.

Mosnaim, A.D.: Biochemical and immunological studies in migraine and cluster headaches. In: Symposium ""New and Old Therapies of Vascular Headaches: Immune Approaches and Serotonin Receptors in Therapy"". (A.D. Mosnaim proceedings ed). Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. 34-38: 1994

Puente, J., Carvajal, T., Parra, S., Miranda, D., Sepulveda, C., Wolf, M. E., and Mosnaim, A. D.: Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in septic shock patients by a mixture of the calcium ionophore A23187 and the phorbol ester TPA. In vitro studies. International J. Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics Toxicology. 32(1):19-23, 1994.

Wolf, M. E. and Mosnaim, A. D.: Improvement of axial dystonia with the administration of clozapine. International J. Clinical Pharmacology Therapeutics Toxicology. 32(6):282-283, 1994.

Mosnaim, A. D., Wolf, M. E., Maturana, P., Puente, J., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: In vitro studies of natural killer cell activity in migraineurs. Changes in response to a B-endorphin challenge during an acute migraine episode. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research. 2:142-148, 1994.

Mosnaim, A. D.: Biochemical and Immunological Studies in Migraine Headache. National Headache Foundation Newsletter, pp. 4-5, Winter 1994 (No. 87).

Ranade, V.V., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Generic drug industry: Current status and future prospects. Drug News & Perspectives. 197-204, 1994.

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Polypharmacy: a problem of the decade of the nineties. Drug News & Perspectives. 581-584, 1994.

Ranade, V.V., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Developments in antiarrhythmic drugs: An overview. Expert Opinion Investigational Drugs 4(11): 1-29, 1995

Puente, J., Diaz, M.A., Salas, M.A., Miranda, D., Gaggero, A., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Studies of natural killer cell activity in a drug-free, healthy population. Response to a challenge with Taxol, Estramustine and Lipopolysaccharide. International J. Clinical Pharmacolology Therapy 33(8): 457-461, 1995

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Curr, M., Mosnaim, J. M., Freitag, F. and Diamond, S.: Myths in migraine research: 1. Migraine and cluster headache patients are characterized by significant alterations in platelet monoamine oxidase activity. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research 7(3): 225-234, 1996

Mosnaim, A.D., Freitag, F., Ignacio, R., Salas, M.A., Karoum, F., Wolf, M.E. and Diamond, S.: Apparent lack of correlation between tyramine and phenylethylamine content and the occurrence of food-precipitated migraine. Reexamination of a variety of food products frequently consumed in the United States and commonly restricted in tyramine-free diets. Headache Quarterly. Current Treatment and Research 7(3): 239-249, 1996

Puente, J., Salas, M.A., Cañon, C., Miranda, D., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Activation of protein tyrosine kinase: a possible requirement for fixed-bacteria and lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in human natural killer cell. J. Clinical Pharmacology Therapy 34(5): 212-218, 1996

Sepúlveda, C., Puente, J., Weinstein, C., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A. D.: Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in HIV-1 infected subjects by a mixture of the calcium ionophore A23187 and the phorbol ester TPA. Lack of response to a similar challenge with interleukin-2 or alpha-interferon. American J. Therapeutics 4(11-12): 413-421, 1997

Karoum, F., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Effects of the administration of amphetamine, either alone or in combination with reserpine or cocaine, on regional brain beta-phenylethylamine and dopamine release. American J. Therapeutics 4(9-10): 333-342, 1997.

Mosnaim, A.D., Kulaga, H., Adams, J.A., Wolf, M.E., Freitag, F. and Diamond. S.: Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets in migraine patients during and outside of an acute headache attack. Cephalalgia 18(4): 197-201, 1998.

Wolf, M.E., Moffat, M., Ranade, V., Somberg, J.C., Lehrer, E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Lithium, hypercalcemia and arrythmia. J. Clin. Psychopharmacology (Peer reviewed Letter). 18: 420-423, 1998.

Miranda, D., Puente, J., Blanco, L., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: In vitro effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the cytotoxicity of human natural killer cells. Research Communications Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology 100(1): 3-14, 1998.

Ranade, V., Molnar, J., Khokher, T., Agarwal, A., Mosnaim, A. D. and Somberg, J.: Effect of Angiotensin-converting enzyme therapy on QT interval dispersion. American J. Therapeutics 6: 257-261, 1999.

Wolf, M. E., Ranade, V., Molnar, J., Somberg, J. and Mosnaim, A. D.: Hypercalcemia, arrhythmia and mood stabilizers. J. Clin. Psychopharmacology, 20(2):260-264, 1999.

Valenzuela, M. A., Cartier, L., Collados, L., Kettlun, A. M., Araya, F., Concha, C., Flores, L., Wolf, M. E. and Mosnaim, A. D.: Gelatinase activity of matrix metalloproteinases in the cerebrospinal fluid of various patient populations. Res. Comm. Chemical Pathol. Pharmacol., 104(1):42-52, 1999.

Mosnaim, A. D., Wolf, M. E., Tao, D. N. Puente, J., Freitag, and Diamond, S.: Degradation kinetics of leucine-enkephalin by plasma samples from healthy controls and various patient populations. In vitro drug effects. American J. Therapeutics 7: 185-194, 2000.

Puente, J., Blanco, L., Montoya, M., Miranda, D., Contreras, I., Vinés, E., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Effect of S. Typhi wild type and O-antigen mutants on human natural killer cell. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 22:355-364, 2000.

Puente, J., Blanco, L., Carrasco, C., Miranda, M., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Effect of Salmonella-infected human monocytes on natural killer cell cytotoxicity. In vitro studies. Int. Immunopharmacol., 1:1285-93, 2001.

Mosnaim, A. D., Puente, J., Saavedra, R., Diamond, S. and Wolf, M. E.: In vitro human plasma leucine(5)-enkephalin degradation is inhibited by a select number of drugs with the phenothiazine molecule in their chemical structure. Pharmacology; 67:6-13, 2003

Miranda, D., Blanco, L., Jara, P., Wolf, M. E., and Mosnaim, A.D.: Human natural killer cell lysis of Salmonella typhi intracellularly-infected U-937 cells. Res. Commun. Molecular. Pathol. Pharmacol., 111:3-12, 2002

Miranda, D., Blanco, L., Jara, P., Wolf, M. E., and Mosnaim, A.D.: Lysis of Salmonella typhi intracellularly-infected U-937 cells by human natural killer cells. Effect of protein kinase inhibitors. Amer. J. Therapeutics, 10:32-39, 2003

Kettlun, A.M., Collados, C., García, L., Cartier, L.A., Wolf, M.E., Mosnaim, A.D. and Valenzuela, M.A.: Matrix metalloproteinases profile in patients with Creuztfeldt-Jakob Disease. Int. J. Clin. Pract., 57:475-8, 2003.

Mosnaim, A.D., Puente, J., Hoang, C., Ranade, V. and Wolf, M.E.: Inhibition of human plasma leucine-enkephalin aminopeptidase hydrolysis by various endogenous peptides and a select number of clinically used drugs. American J. Therapeutics 11: 459-466, 2004

Valenzuela, M.A., Cartier, L.A., Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., Ketllun, A.M., Collados, C. and Garcia, L.: Proteinases and Prion Diseases, in Proteases in the Brain (U. Lendeckel and N. Hooper, eds), Springer Verlag, USA, pp. 179-201; 2005

Aron D. Mosnaim, Vasant V. Ranade, Marion E. Wolf, Javier Puente, and M. Antonieta Valenzuela.: Phenothiazine molecule provides the basic chemical structure for various classes of pharmacotherapeutic agents. American J. Therapeutics 13: 261-273, 2006

Puente J., Mosnaim, A.D. and Wolf, M.E.: Stress, Opioid Peptides and the Immune Response, in Cytokines, Stress and the Immune System (Plotnikoff, N.P., Murgo, A.J., Faith, R.E. and Good, R.A. eds.), CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, New York, pp.125-142, 2006

Mosnaim, A.D., Nguyen, T.D., Tse, R, Puente, J., Couceyro, P. and Wolf, M.E.: In vitro methionine-enkephalin degradation kinetics by human brain preparations. Neurochemical Research, 33:81-6, 2008

Mosnaim, A.D., Nguyen, T.D., Puente, J. and Wolf, M.E.: Degradation kinetics of methionine5-enkephalin by select brain areas from patients with chronic schizophrenia. American Journal of Therapeutics, 15:126-30, 2008

Puente, J., Jaque, M.P., Carrasco, C., Cruz, C., Valenzuela, M.A., Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim A.D.: Triptan drugs, natural killer cell cytotoxicity and neutrophils pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion. Headache 48: 1482-9, 2008

Mosnaim AD, Saavedra R, Wolf ME. Bacitracin-sensitive aminopeptidase(s) degradation of Methionine(5)-enkephalin by human brain putamen and hippocampus preparations: inhibition by phenothiazine drugs. Am J Ther. 16:512-6, 2009.

Mosnaim AD, Abiola R, Wolf ME, Perlmuter LC. Etiology and risk factors for developing orthostatic hypotension. Am J Ther 17:86-91. Review. 2010.

Mosnaim, A.D., Puente, J. and Wolf, M.E.: Biological correlates of migraine and cluster headaches: an overview of their potential use in diagnosis and treatment. Pragmatic and Observational Research. 1:25-32, 2010.

Mosnaim AD, Chuang F, Wolf ME. Degradation Kinetics of Methionine5-Enkephalin by Cerebrospinal Fluid: In Vitro Studies. Am J Ther. 18:9-13, 2011.

Perlmuter LC, Sarda G, Casavant V, O'Hara K, Hindes M, Knott PT, Mosnaim AD.  A review of orthostatic blood pressure regulation and its association with mood and cognition.  Clin Auton Res. 22:99-107, 2012.

Mosnaim AD, Maturana P, Puente J, Wolf ME.  Decreased plasma methionine-enkephalin levels in cluster headache patients.  Am J Ther. 19:174-9, 2012.

Mosnaim, A.D., Maturana, p.,Callaghan, O.H. and Wolf, M.E. Changes in plasma methionine-enkephalin levels associated with a cluster headache episode. Am J Ther. 20:463-8, 2013.

Mosnaim, A.D., Callaghan, O.H.,Hudzik, T. and Wolf, M.E. Rat brain-uptake index for phenylethylamine and various monomethylated derivatives. Neurochem Res. 38:842-6, 2013.

Perlmuter LC, Sarda G, Casavant V, Mosnaim AD. A review of the etiology, associated comorbidities, and treatment of orthostatic hypotension. Am J Ther. 20:279-91, 2013.

Mosnaim, A.D., Hudzik, T. and Wolf, M.E.: Analgesic effects of β-phenylethylamine and various methylated derivatives in mice. Neurochem Res. 39:1675-80, 2014.

Mosnaim, A.D., Hudzik, T. and Wolf, M.E.: Behavioral Effects of B-Phenylethylamine and Various Monomethylated and Monohalogenated Analogs in Mice are Mediated by Catecholaminergic Mechanisms. American J. Therapeutics. 22(6):412-422, 2015

Mosnaim, A.D. and Wolf, M.E.: B-Phenylethylamine-class trace amines in neuropsychiatric disorders: a brief historical perspective. In: Farooqui T, and Farooqui A.A., eds., Trace Amines and Neurological Disorders: Potential Mechanisms and Risk Factors. San Diego: Academic Press, 2016:285-294

Wolf, M.E. and Mosnaim, A.D.: Baclofen-Induced Manic Symptoms: Case Report and Systematic Review. Psychosomatics 58(1):94, 2017

Zúñiga B, Jara MA, Mosnaim AD and Navarro C: Detection of Resistance mecA Gene In Gram Positive Bacteria Described as Nosocomial. Am J Biomed Sci & Res. 2018 - 4(5). DOI: 10.34297/AJBSR.2019.04.000831

Mosnaim, A.D., Wolf, M.E., O'Donnell, J.J. III, and Hudzik, T. B-Phenylethylamine and various monomethylated and para-halogenated analogs. Acute toxicity studies in mice.  Drug Chem Toxicol. Jan 7:1-4, 2019.